Estudio comparativo de 2 solventes (hexano y acetato de etilo para la obtención de aceite de lupinus mutabilis sweet (chocho) mediante el método eau

Abstract

This research was carried out in the laboratories of the Faculty of Chemical and Health Sciences of the Technical University of Machala, where the oil was extracted from the lupine bean, which was obtained in the province of Chimborazo, then went through the debittering of the grain in order to eliminate the bean's own alkaloids and subsequent transformation into flour to extract the fatty matter through the application of ultrasound-assisted extraction and chemical solvents such as ethyl acetate and hexane. When the oil was extracted, it was placed in a rotoevaporator to eliminate the solvent in the sample, which was sent to the UTPL for chromatographic analysis and subsequent characterization. In determining the yield through statistical analysis, no significant differences were found when applying ethyl acetate or hexane as a solvent, although a little more abundance of oil was obtained in the extractions carried out with ethyl acetate. For the interpretation of the fatty acids found in lupine bean oil, using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry it was possible to identify 9 fatty compounds and by applying statistical analysis (one-way ANOVA) it was possible to determine that in 8 of the 9 acids fatty acids there was no significant difference between one solvent or another. Finally, it was concluded that ethyl acetate is a recommended option to use in oil extraction, since it has better results than hexane.