Estrategias lúdicas en la enseñanza- aprendizaje de operaciones básicas , cuarto grado, Escuela Simón Bolívar, Machala , 2022-2023

Abstract

This research focuses on the integration of playful strategies as effective tools to improve the teaching-learning process of basic operations in mathematics of fourth grade students at the “Simón Bolívar” school. Various ludic strategies are examined in detail, such as board games, perceptive audio, group dynamics, with the purpose of determining the influence of ludic strategies on the teaching-learning of basic operations in students. Pedagogical aspects are analyzed, including motivation, active engagement, positive reinforcement and knowledge consolidation. Additionally, best practices for the successful implementation of these strategies in the educational environment are explored, considering adaptability to different levels and learning styles, in order to optimize the teaching and learning of basic operations through the strategic use of playful activities. in the classroom. In this research study, a mixed approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods is used. The quantitative part involves the tabulation and graphical representation of data to obtain statistical results. The qualitative part focuses on the study of human beings, considering them as study entities with different thoughts, beliefs, qualities and performances. In terms of research level, it is considered explanatory by seeking to establish the cause-effect relationship between the teaching-learning of basic operations (dependent variable) and playful strategies (independent variable). In addition, it is descriptive by analyzing frequencies, averages and estimating parameters of the variables to present a clear understanding of the problem studied and show the results. Finally, it is classified as relational, since associations and correlations are made between the two mentioned variables. This research reveals that students have a low level of learning in mathematics characterized by the mechanical application of memorized instructions in concepts and rules, without deep understanding. This rote methodology leads to deficiencies in learning, especially in basic operations. It is highlighted that traditional teaching exerts a negative influence on academic performance, since it is based on static methods that include reading, copying exercises and memorization, without adapting to new educational theories and innovative strategies. This results in monotonous classes and superficial learning in solving basic operations. In summary, this research focuses on the implementation of playful strategies as effective tools to improve the teaching-learning process of basic operations in mathematics for fourth grade students, various playful strategies are explored such as board games, group dynamics, with In order to evaluate its influence on the teaching and learning of basic operations, key pedagogical aspects such as motivation, active commitment, positive reinforcement and consolidation of knowledge are analyzed.