Impacto de la emigración en el desarrollo socioeconómico de la población de Santa Isabel, período 2020-2022

Abstract

This study seeks to determine the effects of emigration of the inhabitants of the canton of Santa Isabel on the socio-economic development of the locality. In the context of high levels of migration in the canton, it is evident that there is a misalignment in society and a neglect on the part of the authorities to address issues of this nature, believing that there is no impact. For this reason, the general objective is to determine the impact of emigration on the socio-economic development of the locality, knowing the causal factors and characteristics by which citizens decide to take this risky decision in order to provide strategies to curb this fact. The research has the structural-functionalist theory of the Harvard School, a non-experimental methodological design in the work, presents an epistemological approach to the diagnostic process which is hypothetical-deductive, due to the fact that hypothetical premises are put forward which will be verified with the information collected, and empirical-inductive, due to the experiences and evidence found to support the work. The research is basic in the production of theoretical information to understand the phenomenon of emigration and proactive in the form of providing different strategies to deal with the various socio-economic difficulties in the context of migration. In addition, a mixed methodological approach was used to find out the factors that led to emigration in the canton by applying surveys to 391 inhabitants and interviews with authorities of the Autonomous Decentralised Municipal Government GADM and emigrants living in the United States. The analysis of the surveys carried out among the inhabitants of the canton established that the causal factors for the lack of opportunities are the low economic development and the lack of investment, whether by the GADM or the government, which leads to the phenomenon of migration, resulting in family disintegration and social weakening. Accordingly, the problem under study should be addressed by the authorities with the generation of employment opportunities and the opening of training as a way to strengthen the skills of its citizens. The intervention proposal to be implemented in the future is called "Training project to promote the socio-economic development of the locality through the promotion of the agricultural sector and tourism", in which the collaboration of the authorities is expected to strengthen the skills of the citizens and to open new job opportunities so that the inhabitants who participate in this project can make their needs known and can obtain short and long term solutions. This document sets out the operational planning, which will help with the actions or activities to be carried out, with the prior organisation of the executing mechanism and the budget already designated to be carried out by the technical team and the GADM, as well as a chronogram to establish the time it will take for execution. Finally, the feasibility assessment was formulated in different technical, economic, social and environmental dimensions.