Diagnóstico de los tipos de coccidias en pollos broiler mediante el método de flotación en el cantón Balsas.

Abstract

Poultry coccidiosis is a parasitic disease caused by a protozoan of the genus Eimeria, 9 species of Eimeria have been described in chickens, all these species are found lining the intestine or cecum, and are classified as Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima, E. necatrix, E. brunetti, E. praecox, E. mitis, E. tenella, E. hagani and E. mivati. Clinical signs include diarrhea, weight loss and malnutrition, its infectious cycle is short from 4 to 7 days, these parasites show their main choice to sections of the intestinal mucosa, the diagnosis is made by identification of oocysts in feces, it can be prevented by the administration of anticoccidians in the poultry feed and adequate biosecurity. The objective of this research was to determine the presence of the types of coccidia that affect the normal development of broiler chickens in farms in Canton Balsas, where 30 fecal samples collected in different poultry farms were evaluated. Of the total samples, a prevalence of 46.7% was obtained. With respect to age, the animals with the highest incidence were those 35 days old with 57.1%, then those 28 days old with 28.6%, and those 21 and 42 days old with 7.1%. In the variable types of coccidia, Eimeria tenella presented 42.86%, Eimeria necatrix with 35.71% and Eimeria maxima with 21.43%. In relation to the conditions of bedding management, it is established that in "good conditions" of management, 0% was found, in second place, with "regular management" 42.9% was obtained, and in "bad conditions" 57.1% of coccidia were present, the analysis of the geographical distribution showed a homogeneity of the infection of this parasitosis in the places of study.