Factores de riesgo y evaluación diagnóstica de la insuficiencia cardiaca en mujeres

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Heart failure is considered a clinical syndrome with specific symptoms and/or signs, representing a very significant global mortality and morbidity, affecting approximately 26 million people worldwide, for which reason it is essential to know the main risk factors, taking into account those that are specific to women. OBJECTIVE: To identify the main cardiovascular risk factors for heart failure in women by means of a bibliographic review of scientific articles indexed in PubMed and LILACS databases in order to obtain useful information for teaching and hospital care. METHOD: An updated bibliographic review was carried out in updated scientific portals due to their significant importance in the scientific health area, all articles published with a maximum age of 5 years were selected, where all works resulting from bibliographic reviews, systemic reviews, good clinical practice guidelines, clinical study, comparison study are included. CONCLUSION: The risk of developing heart failure in women is conditioned by age, since it has been demonstrated that there is a higher incidence within the postmenopausal age, as for its diagnosis it must be based on three fundamental pillars: clinical, evaluating signs of systemic congestion, laboratory, where BNP or NT-pro-BNP is significant in terms of evaluation and prognosis, and imaging, transthoracic echocardiography is considered the main test.