La radiación ultravioleta como principal factor de riesgo para el carcinoma basocelular

Abstract

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a malignant epithelial neoplasm that has its genesis in the pluripotent cells of the epithelium, with slow development and local invasive capacity, it is the most common skin neoplasm, with about 80% of percentage of presentation worldwide, and our country is one of the highest incidence. UV radiation plays the most important role within the origin of CBC, in combination with other risk factors. The types of CBC can be aggressive or non-aggressive and based on that analysis the possible therapeutic options will be established. Objectives: To analyze the influence of exposure to ultraviolet radiation as the most important risk factor in the development of basal cell carcinoma, through literature review in high-impact scientific journals for primary prevention in the community. Methodology: An exhaustive search was carried out in journals and articles in databases such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, with 5 years old, related to exposure to UV radiation as the most important risk factor in the oncogenesis of basal cell carcinoma. Conclusion: UV radiation is directly related to the development of CBCs, exposure to radiation over time, increases the risk, especially in exposure to UVB radiation, because it produces genetic alterations and DNA damage that predispose to CBC carcinogenesis. Timely diagnosis and treatment prevents lesions from invading nearby structures and major complications from appearing.