Identificación de las principales causas de abuso sexual en menores de edad

Abstract

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, 120 million girls suffer sexual aggression before the age of 20. According to INEC data, in Ecuador, 8 out of 10 women have experienced violence at some point in their lives, and 21% of children and adolescents have experienced sexual violence. Therefore, the objective of this work is to identify the main causes of sexual abuse in minors through a systematic review of scientific articles of the last five years that will contribute to emphasize the risk factors in order to prevent and intervene at the primary health care level. Materials and methods: the present project is a descriptive, retrospective study in which scientific articles related to sexual abuse were searched in the pages of scientific journals such as Pubmed, The Lancet, LILACS, Medscape, Cochrane, Google Scholar and Elsevier. Results: the main causes of sexual abuse were defined, among them: individual, family, social and cultural, biological, and aggressor-related factors. Conclusion: Child sexual abuse is a complex problem with multiple causes that cannot be attributed to a single cause.