Identificación de trastornos depresivos en mujeres victimas de violencia de genero

Abstract

This essay addresses the complex intersection between gender violence and depressive disorders in women. The term "gender" is distinguished from the biological concept of "sex" and refers to social and cultural constructions that outline roles and stereotypes associated with sexual appearance. Gender violence, defined by the UN, encompasses acts that cause psychological, physical and sexual harm. Globally, one in three women has experienced sexual violence, with the majority perpetrated by current or former partners. This problem is not limited by economic borders, but is rooted in social and cultural contexts. In Latin America, the situation is alarming, with up to 47% of women and girls being victims of sexual violence by their intimate partners. Ecuador, in particular, presents a serious situation, with six out of ten women reporting having suffered abuse from their partners. Major depressive disorder and dysthymic disorder stand out as the main mental consequences of aggression. Patterns of emotional dependence and coping mechanisms that influence the victim's persistence in the abusive environment are identified. Additionally, the role of health professionals in detecting and addressing cases of gender violence and depressive disorders in the context of primary care is examined, offering a comprehensive understanding of how gender violence affects women's mental health, highlighting the importance of early detection and adequate support in primary health care.