Estudio ambiental de la explotación de materiales pétreos en la cantera El Jobo, cantón Arenillas, provincia de El Oro, periodo 2023

Abstract

The environmental study project at the El Jobo quarry, located in the Arenillas Canton of the El Oro province, aims to analyze the negative and positive impacts of the extraction of stone materials on the environment and propose mitigation measures. This initiative is based on the need to comprehensively assess the current situation of the quarry, understand the types of stone materials being extracted, and the environmental factors influencing the impacts generated by these operations. In the initial phase of the project, the focus was on determining the feasibility of alternative solutions. To do this, relevant data was collected, including information about the types of stone materials being extracted at the quarry. Furthermore, a deep analysis of crucial environmental factors such as noise, air quality, dust generation, water impact, biodiversity, granulometric soil conditions, and climatic conditions was conducted. These aspects are essential for understanding the magnitude of the environmental effects and designing effective mitigation strategies. Regarding the methodology used, a descriptive approach was chosen, allowing for a detailed examination of physical, chemical, and biological parameters related to the extraction of stone materials at the El Jobo quarry. Additionally, an extensive bibliographic research was carried out to support the study with information from reliable sources and technical guidance. This prior research in the scientific literature contributed to a deeper understanding of the environmental issues associated with quarrying. Field research was an essential component of the project, as it allowed the study of the phenomenon in its natural environment. During this phase, various activities were conducted, such as soil sampling, which underwent granulometric testing in a laboratory at the Technical University of Machala. The data obtained was not only used to assess potential effects on soil quality but also provided information to understand how quarry activities might be affecting soil stability and biodiversity in the region. This data served as the basis for the design of specific mitigation strategies addressing soil conservation and restoration in impacted areas. In addition to the mentioned aspects, the project considered other important elements, such as monitoring noise levels and air quality in the quarry area, as well as evaluating local biodiversity. These data contributed to a more comprehensive understanding of environmental impacts and helped define the necessary mitigation measures. In summary, the environmental study project at the El Jobo quarry is based on a comprehensive methodology that combines data collection, bibliographic research, analysis of environmental factors, and field research. This approach provides a solid foundation for identifying both negative and positive environmental impacts of stone material extraction and proposing effective mitigation measures. The ultimate goal is to achieve sustainable quarrying that minimizes its environmental impact and contributes to the sustainable development of the region.