Estrategias de resiliencia desarrolladas por pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Abstract

Diabetes is not only the increased blood glucose levels and a deficient or no amount of insulin produced by the pancreas, but also the change in the dynamics of daily life, which occurs from the moment of diagnose. To diagnose its presence in the body, health carry out a clinical evaluation at the physiological level, laboratory test an cardiovascular assessment, and in the event of its existence, and inter disciplinary treatment. Is carried out therefore, the individual makes use of his personal resources. such as resilience, an individual factor that allows us to overcome adversities in an adaptive way. The aim of this study is to analyze the resilience strategies developed by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. the theoretical bases used in the research are, Positive Psychology with its main objective is how the human being can strengthen and give the best of himself, adapt and achieve a full life, despite adversities and Humanistic Psychology because they share in common the focus on the development of human potential. The approach was qualitative, with a hermeneutic phenomenological design, made up of a convenience sample of two patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus more than a year ago. For the data collection, some methods and techniques were used, such as, the deep interview and the areas to be investigated are, family, school, social, work, couple and personal, the 10 wishes technique prepared by Dr. Gonzalez Serra, the Dembo Rubinstein self-assessment scale and the psychodiagnostic where the relevant data of the evaluated is described. Data analysis was performed considering the postulates of Hernández et. al 2014, on the processing of qualitative data, therefore, two types of coding were carried out, the first where the interviews were examined in order to obtain a significant unit of analysis for the creation of categories, in which the codes were assigned. , and added the corresponding memo and rule, and the second coding was axial, in which themes were established according to the research objectives from the grouping of categories with similar themes, Factors that increase resilience, Areas of psychodiagnosis, highlighting resilience. The main findings are related to the fact that the participants after the diagnosis of diabetes presented fear towards the future and depressive symptoms, however, thanks to their resilience and the support of family and friends, they were able to overcome in a positive way, thus having an increase in their emotional wellbeing.It is concluded that the support of friends and family, positive emotions, high levels of resilience, internal locus of control, secure attachment, hope, and autonomous motivation from an early age, allowed them to positively cope with the disease and adhere to treatment. For an improvement of the individual in the biological, psychological and social field despite his illness, it is important from his detection the accompaniment of a professional in psychology who will be focused on discovering the positive strengths of resilience that he possesses and use them for an adaptation. to the environment where he lives.