Metodología para la rehabilitación de estructura viales que mejore las condiciones de las carreteras rurales, en el cantón Chilla de El Oro.

Abstract

The objective of this research work was developed to study the influence of the costs of production and transport of stone materials in the construction of road works in the City of Machala, Province of El Oro.The study area, where the investigation of the costs of production and transport of stone material, destined for the road works of the city of Machala, corresponds to the quarries of the cities of Pasaje, El Guabo and Santa Rosa.The research was developed based on the process analysis model in SIPOC diagrams for its acronym in English Providers (Suppliers), Inputs (Inputs), Processes (Process), Outputs (Outputs) and Clients (Customers), this helped to generate a experimental model proposed in two stages and merge two criteria, the production costs of material in the quarry (CPMC) and the possible efficient cost of transporting material (CEPT), with these two components it was possible to determine the cost of transported material (CPTMP), this for each of the routes proposed by the distribution route plan and for the cost of production of the type of stone material transported per m3, thus it was possible to develop an effective methodology for the analysis and transport of stone material.For the determination of the CPMC and CEPT, the value chain of the stone material was elaborated and analyzed for each type of material (imported loan, imported river loan, improvement, sub-base, base, ¾" crushed, ½" crushed and sand, extracted from the quarries, Bertha Yolanda located in the Santa Rosa canton, El Pedregal of the La Victoria parish of the Santa Rosa canton, El Colorado belonging to the Guabo canton and Calichana of the Pasaje canton.The value chain analyzes the production lines and activities in four stages, 1 Preparation and extraction of stone material, 2 hauling and transportation, 3 crushing, classification and storage, through the analysis of unit prices and yields of machinery and equipment. to establish the production costs of the material in CPMC quarries, and 4 commercialization that is analyzed through a distribution route plan to establish the travel time, energy consumption of diesel fuel for a dump vehicle where a base equation is proposed which is then corrected for the level of diesel energy consumption, the cost of fuel and the speed of operation on the routes, providing an analysis tool based on a dynamic analysis table that can evaluate all these components and analyze the most efficient routes in in terms of possible efficient cost of CEPT transportation.Finally, the CPMC and the CEPT are merged by means of an equation that integrates the travel cycle time of each operation and the volume of material transported to analyze and evaluate the cost of production and transportation of stone material (CPTMP). It is important to analyze each of the indicators that influence costs in order to establish a methodology that allows evaluating the costs of production and transportation of material in road works. In this work, the influence of the costs of production and transport of stone material for road constructions was studied, which allows a methodology for its evaluation to be carried out.