Manejo terapéutico del absceso pulmonar

Abstract

Introduction: Pulmonary abscess is a microbial infection that leads to the formation of one or multiple cavities filled with purulent material within the lung parenchyma, causing its destruction. It can be acute or chronic. Pulmonary abscesses are classified as primary when they occur due to bronchoaspiration and secondary when they develop in patients with underlying lung lesions. Delay in initiating appropriate treatment is associated with poor clinical outcomes. When pulmonary abscess is suspected, empirical antibiotic therapy should be initiated immediately. If this fails and there is a poor clinical response, percutaneous drainage can be considered. Objective: To describe the therapeutic management of pulmonary abscess using antibiotics and percutaneous drainage based on scientific evidence. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study where a search for 21 scientific articles was conducted on various platforms such as PubMed, Dialnet, Medscape, Elsevier, and Google Scholar, providing the basis of information for analyzing the therapeutic management. Conclusion: The appropriate management of pulmonary abscess involves identifying the causative agent through microbiological studies. However, the current detection methods are still delayed, leading to antimicrobial failure and the need for minimally invasive treatments such as percutaneous drainage.