Sensibilidad y especificidad de las escalas de alvarado, ripasa, air en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda

Abstract

Acute appendicitis defined as a clinical condition where inflation of the cecal appendix occurs, considered a clinical-surgical pathology with a high incidence worldwide with about 139.54 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, and at the local level according to the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC). Ecuador registered a rate of 22.97 per 10,000 inhabitants, its diagnosis is based on clinical examination, which is why in various investigations the application of diagnostic scales has been proposed to corroborate the suspicion of the clinical picture. Objective: To describe the sensitivity and specificity of the ALVARADO, RIPASA, AIR scales applied in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Methodology: This work is a descriptive study, based on the search for scientific articles from high-impact journals in evidence-based medicine such as: Pubmed, UpToDate, The New England Journal of Medicine, Clinical Key, Google Academic, which allowed us to describe the sensitivity and specificity of disease diagnostic scales and apply them in medical practice. Conclusion: The Alvarado scale is considered an unreliable scale worldwide due to its low sensitivity and specificity surrounding a mean of close to less than 70%, the RIPASA scale the most used score with several studies that corroborate its high sensitivity. and specify that it varies by more than 90%, and the AIR scale, a little applied scale, its sensitivity and specificity exceeds the Alvarado scale, but not the RIPASA scale.