Caracterización clínica y radiológica de la osteomielitis

Abstract

Osteomyelitis is defined as an inflammatory process that can be acute or chronic, the same one that involves the bone and its structures. It occurs secondary to infections by pyogenic organisms, such as: bacteria, fungi and mycobacteria. Its diagnosis is based on the clinic, laboratory tests and imaging methods. It is characterized for being one of the most feared complications in the field of surgery and traumatology. The pillars of treatment are antimicrobial therapy, correction of their comorbidities, and orthopedic treatment. Surgery plays a very important role in osteomyelitis, it is still the standard surgical treatment to treat the infection. For this reason, the present investigation is carried out. Objective: to describe the clinical and radiological characterization of patients with osteomyelitis through a bibliographic review of high-impact scientific articles from the last 5 years. Materials and methods: The search for scientific articles was carried out on official pages with good evidence such as: PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar. With quartile I and II of the world ranking. Conclusions:Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory and infectious process of the bone itself that involves the bone marrow and cortex. Staphylococcus aureus being the most frequently isolated pathogen in all age groups. However, the microorganism may vary depending on the mechanism by which the infection occurs and the age of the patient. The diagnosis is based on taking a good clinical history, physical examination in search of early symptoms, laboratory data and imaging studies.