Abordaje diagnóstico actualizado del síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda

Abstract

Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severely fatal form of respiratory failure; this is a severe disease with bilateral, diffuse, inflammatory pulmonary infiltrates, which develops as a consequence of a variety of underlying conditions, diseases or injuries. The clinical diagnosis of ARDS should be based on the Berlin definition, in relation to the degree of hypoxemia. This syndrome usually progresses to respiratory failure which requires admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) for treatment with mechanical ventilation. Objective: To determine the updated diagnostic approach to ARDS by means of a literature review with high impact articles in order to be able to apply an adequate management of this pathology in clinical practice. Materials and methods: The following study is descriptive and based on sources of bibliographic information such as systematic reviews obtained from databases such as PudMed, British Medical Journal, Google Scholar, JAMA with publication dates from the last 5 years to the present. Conclusion: In the first instance it is not possible to diagnose ARDS since the etiology is usually very varied and its clinical manifestations are nonspecific, therefore the Berlin criteria together with other current resources according to the evidence will serve as a diagnostic basis for this syndrome.