Actualización del manejo quirúrgico de la ruptura del tendón de Aquiles

Abstract

Achilles tendon rupture is an increasingly common injury in both the sporting and non-sporting population, leading to a prolonged period of absence from work and social activities. Objective: To innovate knowledge on the timely diagnosis and updated surgical management of acute Achilles tendon rupture by reviewing scientific articles of the last five years for a relevant update of health professionals. Materials and methods: The present project is a descriptive, retrospective study where 20 scientific articles related to the health area were searched in the pages of scientific journals such as Pubmed, Medscape, Google Academic, Redalyc and Elsevier, providing an important information base in the analysis of treatments. Conclusion: The basic classification of treatment for AT rupture is surgical and non-surgical. Controversies exist regarding the best management alternative. The open technique is effective, but with complications mainly related to skin and soft tissue, or surgical site. The percutaneous technique is also effective, with a high percentage of neurological injury (sural nerve). The mini-invasive technique has a lower percentage of infections and the sural nerve injury rate is much lower. Nowadays, endoscopy-assisted percutaneous repair allows direct observation of the suturing process of the Achilles tendon, eliminating most of the disadvantages of the percutaneous technique, especially the avoidance of neurological injury.