Procedimientos actuales en el tratamiento de lesiones meniscales por sobreuso en deportistas de alto rendimiento

Abstract

Introduction: The meniscus are two crescent-shaped biphasic fibrocartilaginous structures found between the distal femoral condyle and the proximal tibial plateaus and are essential for knee joint. When there is an injury at this level, instability and pathological force distribution of the knee occurs, which negatively affects the general biomechanics of the joint. The most affected population are high-performance athletes, especially soccer players. Objective: To identify the current procedures for the management of meniscal injuries in high-performance athletes through a high-impact bibliographic review for adequate treatment. Materials and methods: The search for scientific articles related to meniscus injuries was carried out in the following search engines such as PUBMED, THIEME, SCIELO, SPRINGER, and the database of the Technical University of Machala; selecting those found in high impact journals. Conclusions: Meniscus injuries are one of the frequent pathologies in high performance athletes due to overuse of the lower extremities. The diagnosis is based on the clinical history and anamnesis and complement with magnetic resonance imaging. Currently, the repair technique is preferred by surgeons due to the great advantage of lower risk of complications in the short and long term. Physical rehabilitation is essential for the postoperative patient, since it helps the athlete to recover quickly and return to physical activity, even better than before the injury.