Construcción del autoconcepto durante la niñez intermedia y su vínculo con la interacción social

Abstract

The self-concept addresses five different dimensions, within these the infant has an image or self-esteem, in order to have an adequate self-concept, for this it is important to know oneself in depth subjectively, having an adequate self-concept will facilitate interaction with other individuals within from various contexts such as, family, school, social and in turn in different situations where the minor will develop their previously acquired skills. This research work on case analysis, aims to determine the construction of self-concept during middle childhood and its link with social interaction. The sample consisted of 10 participants, including 5 mothers and 5 children under nine years of age, the children are in the fourth year of basic education at the Luz de América Basic Education School, located in the City of Machala. Likewise, the present study is based on the cognitive-behavioral epistemological approach, which stands out for explaining the behaviors of the human being from their perception and biopsychosocial environment. The research has a qualitative methodological approach with a hermeneutic phenomenological design with a descriptive scope, because it allows the interpretation of the information collected from the mothers who were interviewed. For the collection of information, the corresponding informed consent was initially submitted to the Educational Unit, later one addressed to the mothers was sent, with the purpose of making it known that the information collected will be solely for academic purposes, by granting us the permission, the beginning was given. To the interviews, two types of instruments were applied, first, the open interview addressed to the mothers, which allowed us to deepen the search for resources according to our objectives focused on the self-concept of their children and the development of their social skills, likewise, A questionnaire with semi-structured questions elaborated by the researchers addressed to the infants was used, which had the purpose of knowing the development of the five dimensions of the self-concept. According to the review of theoretical resources based on the research topic, results were obtained that demonstrated that for the construction of the self-concept it is necessary to address its five dimensions, work/school self-concept, physical self-concept, emotional self-concept, social self-concept, and family self-concept, Regarding the family environment, he responds that for a good social interaction during middle childhood, there must be a healthy self-concept and in turn a good development in his self-esteem, which will allow the minor to face different situations from the resources learned or acquired mainly at home.