Estrategias metodológicas activas y su incidencia en la enseñanza de la multiplicación, quinto grado, Escuelas Tenguel; 24 de mayo, 2022-2023.

Abstract

The work written below corresponds to the bachelor's degree in the career of basic education, the same that is addressed to fifth-grade teachers in the schools where the research was conducted, the Basic Education Center "May 24" and the Educational Unit "Tenguel" located in the Tenguel Parish of the Province of Guayas, the paper explains the importance of the application of active methodological strategies in the teaching of multiplication. The topic was selected by experience in pre-professional practices, where the various cases of difficulty in resolving multiplication were observed and the need for new strategies that respond to these educational needs and achieve the desired result was reflected. Based on previous knowledge of mathematical problems in the classroom, the question arose of How do active methodological strategies affect the teaching of multiplication? But it was also necessary to know the strategies currently used by teachers and those that should be used and what exactly were the problems that the students presented at the time of carrying out multiplication operations in order to offer an alternative, for this purpose a bibliographic research was carried out where relevant information was taken about what was wanted to be known on the topic of the project, this activity was necessary to know which strategies were most suitable for the aforementioned topic. To collect true data from the object of study to be investigated, it was necessary to carry out a field investigation, with the investigative instruments such as the interview that was addressed to the four teachers of the two schools, the survey that was applied to all students in the four classrooms, and the observation guide applied to the teaching-learning process, in the mathematics class on the topic of multiplication, process that confirmed the hypothesis that teachers do not use active strategies. The objective of this research is to analyze which are the active methodological strategies that would give greater results in the teaching of multiplication, these strategies are the playful strategies that basically refer to the game and the strategies of mental calculation to exercise the mind of the student and obtain positive results. Thanks to the results of the research tools, it was possible to choose the most efficient alternative to collaborate with the improvement in the teaching process in the aforementioned schools, which was the proposal of a manual of methodological strategies active in the teaching of multiplication, detailing strategic activities to activate student participation, the material is directed to teachers in order to complement their work. The application of active methodological strategies is necessary to have expected results in the teaching-learning process, even more so if it is the area of mathematics where students require greater enthusiasm to learn, especially since multiplication is a fundamental basic operation, that is why this process should be facilitated with various active strategies for meaningful learning.