Material didáctico ilustrativo y su incidencia en el aprendizaje significativo del cuerpo humano, estudiantes de segundo y tercero grado, Escuela Teresa Molina de Muñoz, 2022-2023.

Abstract

The present research work is entitled as illustrative didactic material and its incidence in the significant learning of the human body, in the students of second and third grade of basic general education; giving as a consequence a field study of quantitative-qualitative cut. The methods applied were: interviews with teachers, observation guides for teachers and students, and student surveys, allowing to fulfill the objective set out in a population of 40 students estimated as a study sample. The purpose of this work is promoted with the diagnosis of the object of study, the central problem, using the objectives of the inquiry and whose central purpose is to determine the use of didactic material and its incidence in the significant learning of the human body, in second and third grade students of the "Teresa Molina de Muñoz" School, Piñas, 2022 - 2023. Then, the delimitation of the variables corresponding to the learning strategies, and subsequently the development of the theoretical and conceptual framework. The difficulties encountered during the application of the research instruments lead to the conclusion that teachers only focus on the blackboard for the teaching-learning process, with little use of didactic materials; it should be emphasized that teachers currently focus on the traditionalist model, which causes demotivation in the learners. The use of illustrative didactic material in the classroom is beneficial since it allows capturing the students' attention and achieving active, participatory and dynamic learning. According to the results obtained in the research instruments, it can be determined that teachers do not use innovative illustrative didactic materials; on the contrary, they are obsolete, which causes boredom in students, thus demonstrating that the application of these materials favors student performance and above all generates lifelong learning. It should be emphasized that education today is focused on a constructivist model that determines that teachers are flexible and incorporate methodologies and strategies focused on the learning styles of students, but in educational institutions are not applied. In conclusion, the difficulties that students have during the significant learning of the "human body" is to identify the importance and its functions, therefore, it was necessary to propose an educational blog with technological tools and manual resources that promote the use of illustrative didactic material, for which teachers will be the beneficiaries in applying these teaching materials in their classes, Teachers will be the beneficiaries in applying these didactic materials in their classes, since they will have a range of them that will be focused on the different moments of the class, i.e. in the conceptualization and application, with this proposal will also be demonstrated in a practical way, i.e. with a demonstrative class. The educational blog that has been proposed in this proposal is for teachers to achieve an effective teaching-learning process, in the same way, it can be stated that teachers can make use of new teaching materials and leave aside the traditionalist model as it has been directly evidenced. To obtain a dynamic and active class we must implement certain current materials in order to have more in-depth knowledge of what the teacher's subject matter would be about. It is important to emphasize that it is not necessary to invest too much money but rather to have the creativity to build materials based on elements that are around us or to couple those that are already elaborated to the class that we want to teach, this is demonstrated within the website.