La resiliencia como un factor determinante en la calidad de vida de personas con discapacidad adquirida

Abstract

Currently, the concept of disability is the limitation or lack of ability to perform activities as otherpeople with normal capabilities also these subjects have functional limitations and reduction to perform any action due to their deficit, regarding resilience is the ability to recover and maintain an adaptive behavior after the initial abandonment or disability at the beginning of a stressful event,The term quality of life has several definitions by different authors, the World Health Organization WHO defines it as an integral physical, mental and social well-being, therefore the mixture between these three terms i.e. quality of life, pain and disability are influenced by personal and cultural experiences and the expectations of the life of the human being so that an endless numberof concepts arise for each one, for this reason it is complex to define exactly what quality of life is. Therefore, the general objective of this study is to analyze resilience as a determining factor inthe quality of life of people with acquired disabilities. The sample used for the study were individuals belonging to the Canton of El Guabo in the province of El Oro, respectively in the Social and Community Development Board of El Guabo, due to the accessibility of the sample, which is built by 3 subjects consisting of 2 men and 1 woman who suffer from acquired disabilitydue to traffic accidents and diseases. The instruments used were semi-structured interviews, observations, the Sacks Incomplete Sentence Test, which selected the most pertinent questions to the subject of the study, and the Resilience Scale 14 items RS-14 98-82=Very high resilience, 81-64=High resilience, 63-49=Normal, 48-31=Low, and 30-14=Very low and finally the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Scale (2009) consisting of 26 items, which, 24 of them generate a profile of quality of life in four dimensions which are. Physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environment, in charge of evaluating the subject's perceptions of good health, the higher the score, the better the quality of life. The results obtained according to the Sacks incomplete sentences test show that there are no alterations or emotional maladjustments inthem in addition with a normal degree of maturity and with realistic thoughts, in the resilience testit was shown that all participants have a very high resilience and finally in the quality of life testit was found that the three subjects have a good quality of life in the areas of general perception ofquality of life, health both physical and psychological, in social relationships and their environment. Therefore, it is concluded that the positive attitude of each subject to their disabilityhas allowed them to perceive each event as something new and challenging to develop and learn new things, thus demonstrating that their resilience has been an important factor for each of themto improve their quality of life in all areas.