Factores psicológicos del estado de ánimo en el adulto mayor

Abstract

This work is aimed at identifying the psychological factors of mood in the elderly, through a rigorous study that goes hand in hand with the cognitive-behavioral approach, standing out from other models, same that performs the various criteria of behavior, thinking and learning that persists in the quality of life of the individual, for this research was considered the analysis of three topics, psychological factors, mood and social relations. The sample was composed of four older adults from 70 to 75 years old, two men and two women, belonging to a project of the Municipality of Machala, called Sonrisa del alma, this project stands out for motivating them and constantly improving the quality of life of the older adult, since they feel that this place provides support and commitment to their welfare. It is located in the Hospital Municipal del Sur in the city of Machala, province of El Oro. As for the methodology, this study was based on qualitative research, with a phenomenological-hermeneutic design, with a non-probabilistic-homogeneous sample. The data collection, which began with a first approach, could not fail to inform the participant of the existence of an informed consent, whose purpose tends to explain that the information collected will be used purely for academic purposes, also made use of an open interview, to inquire about the perceptions that each subject has to this problem, it is worth mentioning that the interview is conducted individually with a fluid conversation based on the interview guide developed by researchers, the implementation of theoretical resources and a thorough investigation, However, this project introduces the ideas of each author from those psychologists who were pioneers to those who currently practice, as they were at the time, highlighting the theory of Aaron Beck introducing those factors of hopelessness that lead the subject to situations of depression, followed by Albert Ellis who emphasizes that individuals are responsible for those feelings that disturb them whether conscious or unconscious of their own beliefs, in other words the subject is able to change these thoughts so they do not have emotional or behavioral consequences in a negative way, consequently it will be mentioned of his theory of A-B-C.