Factores protectores y de riesgo en un caso de intento suicida

Abstract

Suicide is a complex social phenomenon, also recognized as a public health problem whose prevalence and morbidity has increased, especially in the young adult population, being registered among the three leading causes of death worldwide. In Ecuador, approximately 1,389 deaths by suicide were registered, which represents a rate of 100,000 inhabitants per year. For this reason, this research work is developed with the purpose of examining the risk factors, protective factors and personality traits present in a case of suicide attempt. For this purpose, the cognitive-behavioral perspective was used as a theoretical argument, a qualitative research approach of phenomenological-hermeneutic design, which allowed a more complete understanding of the phenomenon under study. As a sample, a case study was selected that meets inclusion criteria such as, a 47 year old person from the canton of Huaquillas, records a suicide attempt, signs an informed consent form and exclusion criteria such as, a person with severe depressive symptoms. In the same way, an in-depth interview was used as a data collection instrument, through which detailed information was obtained regarding risk factors, protective factors and personality traits. To process the information collected, the Atlas. ti. software was used to support the organization, analysis and interpretation of information in qualitative research. Once the data had been processed, the following categories were obtained from the risk factors theme, negative outlook towards the future, family loss, family estrangement and feelings of vulnerability. On the other hand, from the protective factors theme, the following categories were generated resilience, emotional well-being, communication skills and support networks.