Diseño y optimización de un sistema de coagulación-floculación para el tratamiento de agua residual del camal del Cantón Pasaje

Abstract

In the present work, the coagulation-flocculation process was evaluated as an alternative to remove suspended particles from the wastewater from the slaughtering processes of the Municipal Camal of Pasaje, El Oro province, with the objective of improving the quality of the water emanating into the sewage system. The focus of the research was to determine the efficiency of the coagulation-flocculation treatment, focusing on finding the optimum dosage of coagulant and flocculant to be applied at the industrial level. By means of a jar test, different tests were carried out to establish the optimum dosage of coagulant PCA (type A aluminum polychloride) and flocculant (cationic polyacrylamide). For the experimentation of the tests, the Design Expert 11 program was used, with a central composite design, where three relevant parameters such as turbidity, sediment and pH were measured. Using the aforementioned program, a compound factorial design was carried out, from which 19 experiments were obtained, which were carried out in duplicate, i.e. 38 samples in total. To find the optimum dosage, the factors were turbidity (NTU) and amount of sediment (ml) and; the levels of each factor were the maximum and minimum concentration of coagulant 1300 and 700 mg/L, and of flocculant 0.3 and 0.2 mg/L.