La capacidad de resiliencia como herramienta de mejoramiento en la calidad de vida de adultos diabéticos.

Abstract

Resilience refers to the ability of the individual to overcome the adversities that are presented to him during his development, characterized by resistance and construction, which work as protective measures so that the diabetic adult can carry his disease positively. , which promotes their quality of life. The study allowed a qualitative approach of hermeneutic phenomenological design, because this allowed to broaden, know and specify in depth the experiences of the diabetic adult, through its narration. Likewise, an epistemological approach that includes positive psychology is recommended, in order to promote the search for positive emotions and mitigate negative emotions in selected cases. Therefore, the objective of this case analysis was to analyze the resilience capacity as a tool to improve the quality of life in diabetic adults. A convenience sample of four participants older than 45 years diagnosed with diabetes, residents of the Balsas canton, was produced. The instruments used were in-depth interviews, through which more details were obtained in relation to the resilience capacity of individuals through their stories, and the Sacks incomplete sentence test, which allowed knowing the individual's perceptions about their environment, ratifying what was stated by the participant and the results of the escalation. For its application, first the informed consent was presented to each interviewee, in order to grant them the knowledge that the data will be used for academic purposes, preventing damage to their device, obtaining a positive response, for which the collection continued. Once the data was specified, the categorization was carried out, where the following topics were obtained, a) Resilience capacity indicators, b) Factors that influence resilience, c) Relationship factors between resilience and quality of life, d) Areas of psychodiagnosis, rescuing resilient behavior. Based on the above, the appearance of resistance and construction in the participants was extracted, which allowed them to maintain a positive attitude towards the diagnosis, as well as self-confidence, ability to plan, control of their actions in moments of tension and perseverance. , skills that diabetic adults manifested in response to the pathology. Regarding the symptoms, various physical aspects were found such as weight loss, stress and hair loss, as well as a psychological factor such as fear of the disease and in the social factor, support from family and friends is essential. Regarding the psychodiagnosis, the family was an essential support for the diabetic adult, in the school area, the development of skills that allowed them to fulfill their academic activities was found, this fact was similar in the work area. Socially, good relationships were established with the people around them who influenced the disease process, in the same way, they recognized their positive emotions that fostered an improvement in quality of life and used their virtues to overcome adversity. It was concluded that the positive attitude of the participants towards their diagnosis improved their quality of life, then they developed factors to cope with the diagnosis such as self-confidence, coordination, emotion regulation and persistence. In addition, they exposed physical, psychological and social symptoms during the pathology and its influence on the quality of life. Finally, resilience was presented in all areas of psychodiagnosis with the purpose of strengthening their integrity in the face of suffering.