Prevalencia de micosis cutáneas profundas en perros, mediante la técnica de citología y cultivo, en la provincia de El Oro-Ecuador.

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to determine the prevalence of deep cutaneous mycoses in canines using cytology and fungal cultures. The study was of a descriptive cross-sectional observational type, due to the fact that it was intended to diagnose fungal diseases without any intervention in the respective canines in the future; the investigation and sample collection focused on three diseases which are: histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis and sporotrichosis; which was carried out in the dogs referring to the chosen veterinary clinics, belonging to the province of Oro; where of each patient who met the inclusion criteria and proceeded to carry out the collection of samples according to the detailed methodology of this study, followed by the analysis of each sample, using the necessary diagnostic methods (cytology, crops, etc.. ). For the statistical analysis, it was necessary to use contingency tables, kappa analysis and the chi-square test, whereas final results, it was obtained that, of 140 patients analyzed, 2 were positive for histoplasmosis, 9 for cryptococcosis and 3 for sporotrichosis, thus having that of 100%, only 10% were infected by these diseases. As for the kappa analysis, it was found that the relationship of the clinical presentation of the three types of mycoses can vary from one individual to another, depending on the progress of the disease, and for this reason the p-value can be varied. Likewise, the use of the chi-square test indicated that there are no predisposing factors according to the demographic conditions proposed, for any of the diseases described, since for each one of them the p-value was > 0.05. In conclusion, the results obtained from the joint performance of cytology and cultures as diagnostic methods for the mentioned fungal diseases, helped to obtain greater reliability and greater precision at the time of reaching an accurate diagnosis, since they serve as a transcendental guide that helps all health science professionals to move towards the definitive diagnosis and therefore to its correct analysis.