Aplicación del programa de modelación hidráulica hec-ras para diseño de un canal abierto

Abstract

Water, being a valuable resource for the economic and social development of a country, has been threatened by various factors of natural and human origin that have caused its quantity to be reduced over time. This situation mainly affects developing countries where problems related to the lack of financing and information on climatological variables are added in order to better manage water. In Ecuador, these problems have prevented the development of water regulation and distribution projects, resulting in the agricultural sector being the most affected as it is the one with the greatest demand for the resource. For this reason, the following work aims to analyze the use of HEC-RAS hydraulic modeling software for the design of conduction works in the Province of El Oro and help to close the gap that exists between areas destined for cultivation that cannot be irrigated due to lack of infrastructure that provides accessibility to water. The process used was based on an investigation of different bibliographic sources related to the usefulness of the software for the design of hydraulic works, information that was useful for the modeling of an open channel of 2035 m, which was designed with a concrete lining. of 15 cm to prevent risks of erosion and infiltration. The data referring to the geometry of the channel and height differences that occur along its topographic profile due to changes in slope were determined using empirical formulas to later be entered into the program and simulated, resulting in obtaining Its hydraulic profile which included singularities such as backwater curves and a drowned hydraulic jump, its type of flow was mixed when there was a change in its flow regime from subcritical to supercritical and vice versa, its maximum and minimum velocities turned out to be within the values admissible for canals lined with concrete, with which it was possible to rule out risks due to erosion and sedimentation, in terms of the maximum level that the water reached in the canal, the value was less than its total depth with which it was designed, also ruling out risks of a possible flooding, finally, the necessary activities were determined for the realization of the open channel where Costs for infrastructure, environmental measures and security were included, the Project program was also used to determine the total duration of the project, taking as a reference that a calendar day would be equivalent to 6.30 working hours to calculate the duration of each of the activities to be carried out. It can then be concluded that the implementation of hydraulic modeling software such as HEC-RAS is essential for the design of hydraulic works because it facilitates the calculation and analysis of hydraulic parameters in projects for planning water resources and mitigation of natural disasters, reducing the time and cost that is normally used in the development of these hydraulic works, it was also possible to conclude that the necessary budget for the execution of the project will be $684,318.12 within a period of 159 days.