Análisis de caso clínico en paciente de 50 años con cuadro clínico de acidosis metabólica para un apropiado tratamiento.

Abstract

Metabolic acidosis is considered an independent predictor of mortality since up to 80% of critically ill patients have this disorder worldwide. People in critical condition, with kidney failure and diabetes mellitus are the most likely to suffer from metabolic acidosis since the kidneys are in charge of controlling and eliminating acid levels, thus producing a change in pH, a decrease in bicarbonate and PCO2 due to hyperventilation. This research aims to study a clinical case by discerning the biochemical basis and symptomatology, in order to recommend an adequate treatment and thus be able to avoid complications. A meticulous descriptive study was carried out on different scientific articles, indexed in recognized databases such as scielo, scopus and redalyc. We conclude that the patient presents a state of semi-consciousness, hyperventilation, tachycardia, due to a severe acidosis that was determined by blood gas analysis, a consequence of excessive alcohol consumption since excessive alcohol intake caused the accumulation of ketones in the blood and alteration of the pH. . Cardiac output was also observed through urgent cardiac catheterization, since alcohol is toxic to the myocardial muscle, which leads to an increase in heart rate. Finally, treatment with intravenous administration of bicarbonate was established, with the aim of amending the acidemia, restoring myocardial contractility and the cardiac output presented by the patient.