Macrófagos, sistema imunológico y enfermedades arteriosclerosis

Abstract

Introduction: Arteriosclerosis is a syndrome characterized by the deposit of lipid substances in the walls of medium and large caliber arteries, causing an inflammatory reaction, the specific thickenings are called atheromatous plaque. As long as it is adipocytes, adipose tissue likewise contains fibroblasts, macrophages, and vascular components present in the tissue. However, the occasional immune systems of AS establish that LDLs initiate the atherogenic process that generates in lipoprotein metabolism and in the functioning of the vascular endothelium, which causes atherosclerosis. The main objective is to describe the immune response against lipoprotein metabolism, macrophage of adipose tissue in situations that lead to the diagnosis of atherosclerosis, through bibliographic review, to understand the process at the cellular level. Methodology: The bibliographic-descriptive methodology was used, carrying out bibliographic reviews on mechanisms that intervene in the immune and inflammatory system, that affect cells through the inflammatory processes of adipose tissue, leading to atherosclerosis diagnoses. Conclusion: The atherosclerosis immune system was determined to involve endothelial cell dysfunction with subendothelial deposition and lipoprotein modifications, which act in associated molecular patterns to activate immune receptors, thereby stimulating cell recruitment and causing vascular inflammation. Likewise inflammatory mechanism that monocytes are attracted to oxLDL and transformed into macrophages by the action of various differentiation factors including M-CSF diversify into macrophages and excite high amounts of similar inflammatory cytokines caused by adipocytes.