Estudio de caso de varicela y crisis convulsiva tónico clónica como complicación neurológica en paciente adulto

Abstract

Varicella is a common and contagious disease, caused by the varicella zoster virus. It is normally benign, but it can present serious complications, among which neurological ones stand out. A case of a 28 year old adult patient diagnosed with varicella and subsequent development of acute encephalitis as a neurological manifestation is presented. The study was based on a descriptive and investigative methodology of scientific articles, in order to obtain answers that allowed establishing a correct management of the patient, describing clinical trials, complementary tests and timely treatment. The diagnosis of chickenpox plays an important role in the evolution and treatment of the disease, the most specific clinical trials begin with the detection of alterations in immunoglobulins IgM, IgG for varicella zoster, being the most specific method to determine the presence of the virus; computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are the most commonly used complementary tests when there are complications. The treatment begins empirically with Aciclovir orally, 5 times a day, for 7 days; In immunocompromised patients, the antiviral should be administered parenterally, adjusting its dose according to their specific conditions. Hospital admission should be required immediately in patients with complications, however, the accessibility of the health system of each country influences the criteria for hospitalization.