Embarazo en adolescentes, vinculación con los factores de riesgo y desafíos en atención primaria de salud.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Adolescent pregnancy is considered a public health problem, which is why it is discussed as a challenge in the political and socio-economic spheres worldwide, including Latin America and the Caribbean. When adolescents become mothers early in life, they are vulnerable in the short term to violations of their sexual and reproductive rights, education and health rights, leading to long-term consequences. OBJECTIVE: To describe the risk factors that influence the increase in teenage pregnancy. METHODOLOGY: A search for scientific information was carried out in databases and bibliographic search engines such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Elseiver published during the last 5 years. CONCLUSION: Lack of knowledge about family planning and the correct use of contraceptive methods are the main personal risk factors that contributed to the increase in adolescent pregnancy. Interpersonal factors are delimited by the relationship between parents and daughters, parenting methods and lack of communication, making sexual and reproductive health a taboo subject, as well as the existing evidence of mothers and sisters with teenage motherhood and the impact of friends on the early onset of sexual relations. In order to reduce pregnancy rates in young people, interventions are required that target individual, interpersonal, social and institutional factors, together with family support, educational centers and health centers where sexual education is known to the youth population.