Hallazgos radiológicos en el diagnóstico de tuberculosis pulmonar

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a contagious bacterial disease that causes high morbidity and mortality in the world, which produces nonspecific symptoms, making its diagnosis difficult. For this, it is necessary to correlate clinical data with laboratory tests and imaging tests. that will serve to confirm or rule out the pathology and to classify it according to its pathophysiology. For a better study, it is classified pathophysiologically into primary and post-primary tuberculosis depending on the time of exposure to the causal agent. The most frequently used imaging tests are chest x-ray and tomography, providing images suggestive of the presence of the disease, expressing itself in different ways in relation to its stage. OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalent radiological findings in pulmonary tuberculosis through the literature review in the last 5 years in the Pubmed database, which enables the doctor to distinguish this condition effectively through this update. CONCLUSION: The most widely used imaging tools for the diagnosis of this pathology are chest X-ray and chest tomography, with tomography being the study with the highest sensitivity and specificity, but in our environment due to the high cost and low economic level of the population, is used less frequently. The chest X-ray, although it has less specificity, is fundamental in the diagnosis of TB, where depending on the radiological findings observed, it will be possible to establish in which stage of the disease the patient is taking.