Expresión corporal en el desarrollo motor grueso en los niños de educación inicial de 4 a 5 años.

Abstract

The present integrative project is based on the study of corporal expression in the development of gross motor skills in children from 4 to 5 years old, with the analysis of the relationship between the independent variable corporal expression and the dependent variable gross motor skills, a problem detected by means of direct observation in the educational institutions Escuela de Educación Básica ''Enrique Augusto Castro Aguilar'' and Escuela de Educación Básica ''Juan Montalvo'', through the pre-professional practices, the scarce application of playful activities for the execution of body movements was evidenced. For this reason, it was considered essential to design a didactic guide in order to provide teachers with a resource that favours the development of learning through play; therefore, the objective was to determine the relationship that exists between corporal expression and gross motor development in children from 4 to 5 years of age in early education. The research process was carried out with a quantitative approach and a correlational scope in order to study the relationship between the two aforementioned variables through a non-experimental design. In order to obtain data on the corroboration of the problem, research instruments were applied such as: structured interviews, observation guides directed at teachers and children, with the participation of 2 teachers and a sample of 16 children out of a total population of 65 children aged 4 to 5 years; giving as results that a quarter of the children perform movements with the parts of their gross body schema without difficulty; while the rest of the children present difficulties or limitations when developing movements with the gross parts of their body. The theories reviewed support the idea that the movements carried out in corporal expression contribute to gross motor development, which is why the variables have a direct correlation, given that the gross motor area is the initial phase where the articulation of the first movements of the body begins and is then perfected through corporal expression activities in the school, family and social environment.