Material lúdico y su incidencia en el aprendizaje significativo de la multiplicación, básica media, Escuela Presidente Jaime Roldós Aguilera, 2021-2022

Abstract

This research work is determined from a real and objective perspective on the playful material for teaching multiplication in high school students, for which the research has a qualitative-quantitative approach, based on an applied methodology, and also with a population of 256 students from the School of Basic Education "President Jaime Roldós Aguilera" and at the same time including 7 teachers. On the other hand, only a part of the sample that will be representative of the rest of the population was studied, the sample was 156 students, this will help to collect the necessary and pertinent information to obtain results from the entire population, in addition techniques were used data collection statistics, in order to confirm the hypothesis and specify possible solutions to the identified research problem, and finally analyze the results. Also, the use of research instruments for data collection, which will help us to obtain clear and concise information and knowledge, which is why an interview was applied through a questionnaire of open questions addressed to the teachers of the institution, a survey for the fifth, sixth and seventh grade students of basic education and an observation in the teachers' classes that was carried out to have answers to the research problems that are carried out. In addition, it was possible to show that teachers obtain a little limited knowledge regarding the preparation and application of didactic materials, which generates a somewhat demotivating and uninteresting teaching-learning process when learning. In such a way, that the use of these materials will help in the development and in the needs of the students, discovering some skills and abilities, also that they focus on their attention and thus they can retain their knowledge and at the same time its effectiveness. Through the search for solutions to the problems that had been detected in the educational field, it allowed to propose the following proposal, which focuses on the elaboration and application of playful material for the teaching of multiplications, whose initiative is to improve the mental agility, solve everyday problems without any problem, in addition, these playful materials will also facilitate the teacher's role where it will help him to better explain his teaching at the time he is teaching the class and that they reach the student in a clearer way. It is important to recognize that the purpose of the guide is to guide the teacher in the class, its function is to facilitate the task that will be directed to the students, from the professional point of view, the interaction with these resources makes it more feasible to reach to teachers today that we are passing in person. In addition, the purpose of the proposal is to promote the learning of multiplication tables in students in a more creative and fun way by learning by playing. To conclude, the implementation of this didactic guide leads to significant teachings in the reasoning of each student, when acquiring knowledge and building their own learning.