Ansiedad y depresión en el adulto mayor en tiempo de pandemia COVID-19

Abstract

The research was based on analyzing the experiences of older adults with anxiety and depression in times of the Covid-19 pandemic using a Cognitive Behavioral epistemological approach considered the most effective without detracting from another therapeutic model that exercises its work with physical, emotional, behavioral, and cognitive of a learned nature, it also has specific techniques to treat anxiety and depression disorders. Four themes of analysis were established, behaviors of the elderly with depression and anxiety in the presence of the Covid-19 disease, thoughts about vulnerability in times of the Covid-19 pandemic, emotions presented during the Covid-19 pandemic and family support during the adaptation of the pandemic. Covid-19. The sample consisted of adults over 65 years of age or older who had a diagnosis of depression and anxiety, considering only two patients from the clinical psychology area of health centers in the city of Machala. The approach used in this study is of a qualitative nature with a phenomenological-hermeneutic design with a sample of typical cases whose objective is the quality and depth of the information obtained from the participants, thus being able to analyze their experiences. In reference to data collection, in the first place, a visit to the participants was carried out so that through informed consent this research could be carried out thanks to their participation, later the open interview was carried out, in addition to the observation allowing delve into the experiences, feelings and emotions of the participants. In addition, two reagents were applied to them, IDERE Trait-State Depression Inventory and Goldberg Depression and Anxiety Scale. Theoretical foundations of different authors were also sought for the analysis based on anxiety and depression induced in the elderly. The results obtained in the field of behavior, the older adults experienced the terror of being able to catch this disease, in terms of the area of thought, they decreed to exist in a state of uselessness, as a result of their emotions for not being able to work due to confinement, they felt anguish and uncertainty, while regarding the support they had from their relatives, there was a very positive response since they managed to obtain all the moral support they needed at that time. All this based on aspects such as, behavioral responses to the Covid-19 pandemic, the problem of adapting to the pandemic and coping with quarantine, suicidal thoughts, thoughts of uselessness and fear of contagion, emotional response to the pandemic, alteration in the emotional state and emotional accompaniment, finally the family relationship, family assistance during the pandemic and quality of life were located.