Efecto de la inclusión de azolla spp. en la alimentación de pollos de engorde sobre los parámetros productivos.

Abstract

The present investigative work was carried out in the "Santa Inés" farm located in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Machala, Province of El Oro. The proposed objective was to demonstrate the effect of feeding with the inclusion of different percentages of azolla in productive parameters of Cobb 500 line broilers. A completely randomized experimental design was applied for 7 weeks in which 160 broilers (Cobb 500 line) were used, divided into 4 experimental groups, with 4 replicates and 10 replicates. birds in each one, distributed in cages with an approximate diameter of 0.80 m at the beginning of the experiment and then enlarged to 1 m in diameter, under the management and biosafety regulations that govern a poultry farm; Depending on the area and location of the shed, a basic vaccination plan was carried out that consisted of the single application of the Gumboro vaccine (Gumbo-Vac) on the fifth day and New Castle (New+Bron) on the seventh day, both ocular routes. The feeding was divided into 2 stages, the first of 3 weeks with the initial balanced feed from the BioAlimentar commercial house and the second stage of 3 weeks with the balanced commercial fattening Pro Aves from Pronaca, with a week of transition between both stages; In addition, the incorporation of Azolla spp. from the third day, in 4 treatments, the first treatment (T1 or control) was composed only of commercial balanced, in the second treatment (T2) 5% of Azolla spp. was incorporated, that replaced this same percentage of balanced, in the third treatment (T3) 10% of Azolla spp. was incorporated, instead of the commercial balanced and in the fourth treatment (T4) 15% of Azolla spp. was incorporated, instead of balanced . For the calculation of food to be consumed by the birds, a consumption table from the Cobb 500 Manual was taken as a reference. The productive parameters taken as variables were: weekly live weight (g), weight gain (g), feed consumption (g) and feed conversion ratio. For the statistical analysis of employment in the IBM SPSS version 25 program, in which an analysis of variance was performed for a single factor (Anova) and Duncan's test to compare the means of the treatments and determine significant differences with a reliability interval of 95%. The results obtained show that, at the end of the experiment, there are no significant differences between the live weights, but arithmetically the control treatment (T1) obtained the highest weight (3864.98 g), followed by the second treatment (3853.85 g), third treatment (3817.13 g) and fourth treatment (3682.26 g); In terms of weight gain, the control treatment together with the second treatment were significantly higher than treatment three and even more than treatment four. Regarding food consumption, the fourth treatment (T4) with the inclusion of 15% of Azolla spp., reaches the highest consumption (72539.25 g) followed by the second treatment (70441.5 g), third treatment (70132, 25 g) and control treatment (68755.75 g); Similarly, the best total feed conversion ratio is achieved with the control treatment (T1) reaching a value of 1.78, followed by the second treatment (1.83), the third treatment (1.94) and the fourth treatment. (2.08). Therefore, it was concluded that Azolla spp., can replace up to 5% of the commercial feed in broiler chickens without affecting the production parameters that are normally obtained when rearing with feed based on commercial feed.