Hallazgo anatomo-histopatológicos en tumores de mama en perras en la clínica veterinaria de la UTMACH.

Abstract

The commonly known mammary tumor has taken on great importance in the clinic of small species with a high percentage and inclination for female canines, this is due to multiple factors with which the canine species coexists on a daily basis, and different factors that are due as possession responsible for pets, in the same way studies carried out to date suggest measures that lower the percentage and viability of these tumors in female dogs, thus we have the recommendation of most authors, the importance of sterilization in the indicated time in order to to reduce these neoplasms from developing normally. It is called neoplasm, neoformation or new growth to an excessive, uncontrolled, autonomous and irreversible of the cells. With morphological and functional characteristics that are far from their precursors. Canine mammary tumors (CMT) are the neoplasms that appear most frequently in bitches. Although it mainly appears in females (62 times greater risk of appearance than in males), they have also been described in males with an incidence of up to 2.5%. The classic presentation of a bitch with mammary tumors is that of an entire female found to be between 9 and 11 years of age with one or more palpable tumors involving one or both mammary chains and clinically showing no signs of disease unless suffer from another concomitant disease. Sterilization before the first heat has been shown to be very effective in preventing the appearance of TMC. In Anglo-Saxon countries, where this practice is common, the incidence of this type of tumor is practically non-existent. The study was carried out in the facilities of the UTMACH Veterinary Teaching Specialties Clinic, of the Technical University of Machala, located in the City of Machala, El Cambio Parish at Km. 5 ½ via a Pasaje in the Academic Unit of Sciences Agricultural, it was a non-experimental, descriptive observational investigation in which macro and micro presentations of 9 canine females that presented mammary tumors are detailed. The histopathological findings were issued by the HDX-Vet Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory of Dr. Julio Ortiz located in the city of Quito. Ending with the analysis of the results found in 9 patients studied at the Teaching Clinic of Veterinary Specialties UTMACH. That 44.44% (4 cases) represents the cases that occurred in the right cranial abdominal gland, 22.22% (2 cases) corresponds to two cases in the left cranial abdominal gland, 22.22% (2 cases ) in the left inguinal gland and 11.11% (1 case) in the right cranial thoracic gland. That 66.67% (6 cases) that correspond to mixed carcinoma, 22.22% (2 cases) of complex carcinoma, 11.11% (1 case) of a chondroplastic osteosarcoma. That 66.67% (6 cases) that corresponds to stage II, 22.22% (2 cases) that present in stage I, and finally 11.11% that represents a case in stage V. That chondroblastic osteosarcoma the closest presentation is found in the right cranial abdominal gland, the complex carcinoma has its presentation with greater incidence in the left inguinal gland and finally the mixed carcinoma is located in the right cranial thoracic gland and left cranial abdominal gland. With the results obtained, it was concluded that there is a direct close association between the type of tumor and the preference for a mammary gland, taking into account the histopathological results with the variable type of tumor and the clinical presentation to the location of the tumor. in the mammary gland. Where we obtained that the mixed carcinoma is located in the right cranial thoracic gland and the left cranial abdominal gland with a total of six cases, the complex carcinoma has its presentation with the highest incidence in the left inguinal gland with two cases and finally the chondroblastic osteosarcoma the most frequent presentation. nearby is found in the right cranial abdominal gland in this study.