Impacto socioambiental generado por el acelerado crecimiento del parque automotor en la ciudad de Machala periodo 2019 – 2021

Abstract

This degree work is contextualized on the socio-environmental impact generated by the accelerated growth of the automotive fleet in the city of Machala in the period 2019 -2021. There is evidence of a high level of socio-environmental damage due to the large number of vehicles, in addition to the multiple agencies for buying and selling cars, the lack of knowledge of citizens on issues of environmental care and the few strategies by the competent authorities. In this aspect, the general objective of the research is to determine the socio-environmental impact generated by the vehicle fleet. Likewise, to identify the causes of vehicle growth and the strategies implemented by the corresponding authorities to regulate the vehicle fleet in the city of Machala. The methodology implemented is articulated to the empirical-inductive epistemological approach; type of basic research and descriptive scope, mixed methodology given that the following techniques were used: survey, interview, documentary review and exploratory observation. The results of the survey applied to the population show that 47% of those surveyed do not respect traffic signals. On the other hand, 87% have not participated in education or road safety campaigns, as well as 98% have not attended programs to reduce environmental pollution, therefore, 99% rate the performance of the authorities of Movilidad Machala EP as regular. 70% of the population considers that the multiple agencies that offer vehicles, such as dealerships and sale and purchase yards, are responsible for the accelerated growth of the vehicle fleet, given that they allow for greater payment facilities, technological benefits and guarantees. The general results of the research applied to the drivers establish that 38% of the drivers are not aware of the strategies implemented by Machala Mobility. In addition, 89% have not participated in programs to reduce the environmental pollution emitted by the vehicle fleet, which has caused a high level of damage to the health of the population due to the emission of polluting gases that have caused respiratory diseases, a situation reflected in 31%. On the other hand, 69% of those surveyed stated that population growth is the main cause contributing to the increase in vehicle traffic. In view of the above, the proposal is to design a program for environmental awareness and education on the negative effects of the vehicle fleet in the city of Machala, with the participation of the citizens with planned activities such as awareness and sensitization campaigns on environmental pollution and, at the same time, the proposal proposes to design alternatives to improve mobility. Likewise, the established activities have relevant professionals, material and technological resources that are very necessary for the development of each one of them. In addition, it presents an evaluation form, which is used in three moments. Ex - ante, for structure review, concurrent, for follow-up and control of the operational plan, and ex - post, to analyze the impact of the implementation of the proposal.