Factores socioculturales que influyen en la pérdida de identidad de la población afroecuatoriana en la Utmach

Abstract

This research seeks to know the socio-cultural factors that influence the identity of the Afro-Ecuadorian population of UTMACH, due to the gradual distancing of the cultural practices of the members of the Afro-Ecuadorian people, due to the existence of socio-cultural factors, such as, globalization, discrimination, transculturation, poverty, education, language, culture and traditions that affect the actions of people with positive and/or negative effects. On the other hand, cultural identity is linked to the history and ancestry of various communities, societies or groups, and is also a wealth that energizes the possibilities of realization of the human species, so it can be said that it is a consequence of nature, so it is not an object in itself. The general objective was To establish the way in which socio-cultural factors are influencing the identity of the Afro-Ecuadorian community of UTMACH, with the purpose of identifying the relationship between the variables and their behavior in the objects of study. Symbolic interactionism is the applied sociological foundation, since it analyzes the behavior of the individual in a society, towards the interpretation of the symbols that condition their reality, in addition, the research is descriptive, transversal, correlational, diagnostic and propositive, since it facilitates the collection and interpretation of data, consequently designing a solution alternative to the problems found in the course of the study. The methodological approach of the diagnostic process is qualitative, based on the ethnomethodological method with the application of the following techniques, participant observation, interviews with experts in socio-ethnic issues, bibliographic review and focus groups with the participation of informants belonging to Afro-descendant groups that are part of the university community, from the selection of a non-probabilistic sample of a total of 161 students, teachers, administrative staff and services. The findings of this research exercise show the existence of daily discriminatory features in various contexts, absence of programs to promote cultural practices where the individual and collective action of the members of the Afro communities is highlighted. Likewise, the existence of a stereotyped society with respect to this ethnic group has been identified, in such a way that it becomes impervious to the creation of spaces to enable political participation in an open and liberated manner, thus configuring a discriminatory fact and violation of rights. These facts are reflected in the adoption of behaviors that lead to the denial of their own roots, habits and traditions, becoming co-authors of the weakening of their own identity. The proposal is oriented to the reconstruction of social environments where xenophobic and discriminatory attitudes that exclude Afro people are eradicated, while promoting the consolidation of scenarios where positions, situations, points of view converge without the hint of discrimination, but rather of acceptance of diversities with their ethnic, rational, ideological or political differences, generating encounters of friendship, solidarity and equality.