Revisión bibliográfica de los distintos métodos de diagnóstico y tratamiento para la micotoxicosis en cerdos

Abstract

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites that fungi produce naturally, and these are those that contaminate raw materials of food and feed, the effects produced by mycotoxins are harmful to humans and animals, generating diseases known as mycotoxicosis. Animal production has been quite affected due to mycotoxins present in food, among the main mycotoxins that harm pig production we have zearalenone, aflatoxin, fumonisins and trichothecenes, their consequences are reflected in productive yields and equally form directly affecting health causing acute and chronic infections, creating large economic losses in the livestock sector. The effects caused by mycotoxins in pigs depend a lot on the type of toxin that infects, age, exposure time, nutritional status and age of the animal. Within the diagnostic methods there are different ones, among them physicochemical methods, fluorescence, immunoassay and PCR, the result of the laboratories depends a lot on taking a good sample. In terms of treatment there are some alternatives, however they are very expensive and do not guarantee the total elimination of mycotoxins, for this reason it is considered that prevention and control is better, establishing strategies such as the use of post-harvest detoxifiers to eliminate or reduce the Toxic effects of mycotoxins in animals. The purpose of this degree work is to carry out an updated bibliographical review on the different diagnostic methods and treatment for mycotoxicosis in pigs.