Metodología para la implementación de iot aplicado a la agricultura de precisión

Abstract

The internet of things is the relationship of real-life objects with technological devices that allow them to connect to each other and systems through the internet or other communication networks in order to transmit and receive data, thus allowing an action to be automated. Traditionally, communication and connectivity were given by technological devices through Wi-Fi, while today there are other networks such as 4G or 5G that promise to be communication platforms between a large number of devices, this advance manages to collect a huge amount of information from anywhere with speed, accuracy, availability and integrity. The internet of things, IoT is an emerging topic of social, economic and technological importance. Currently, there is a mix of products, consumer product, industrial products, sensors and real-life objects with internet connectivity and high capacity. analyzes that promise to transform the way we work and live. IoT projections point to the fact that by the year 2025 there will be more than one hundred thousand devices connected to IoT with a great beneficial impact on the global economy. Although the Internet of Things offers us a large number of benefits, it also poses great challenges such as security, performance and sustainability. Internet of things allows the development of applications in different sectors, industry, transport, commerce, homes, cities, agriculture, among others. The modernization of agricultural practices emerges as a new challenge related to the concept of environmental and economic sustainability of the production process. As a result of these modernized agricultural practices, there is innovation based on technology that allows data to be collected, analyzed, interpreted and applied in the preparation of crops, sowing, sowing and cultivation. As well as, in the processing of agricultural products and in the preventive maintenance of any area. Precision agriculture starts as support for agricultural activities, integrates various technologies in order to optimize the productivity of a crop, guarantee sustainability, minimize environmental impact and make agricultural processes more effective. production, increased productivity and profitability of agricultural enterprises. Currently there is no standard methodology to identify needs and propose possible solutions through methods and tools to be implemented in precision agriculture IoT systems. For this reason, the objective of the project is the comparative analysis of IoT methodologies applied to precision agriculture, to then focus on the development of a new hybrid methodology oriented to the safety and quality of the system, in which the design of methodology for the development of IoT systems through the comparative analysis of agile methodologies implemented based on the Internet of Things, good practices of scientific research and the use of the ISO 9001 methodology. This methodology has four phases. Definition and analysis, Design of prototype, Implementation, and, as a last phase, Deployment and quality. This methodology is proposed based on the comparison of the ACOSO_Meth, INTER-METH and MicroIoT Methodology methodologies. The result of the evaluation of the methodology was carried out using qualitative and quantitative research, allowing to obtain a deep knowledge of the implementation of IoT systems oriented to professionals in the computer science area in the province of El Oro. As a result of the application of the survey, obtained an average of 84,86/100 , according to evaluation parameters it is concluded that the AGRO_IOT methodology complies with the parameters established within the quality of ISO 9001, 2015.