El cultivo de mani (arachis hypogaea l.), evolución, producción y rendimiento en el ecuador

Abstract

The peanut crop (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an oilseed of indeterminate herbaceous growth native to South America that has a great nutritional and economic value for many countries that are dedicated to its production and marketing, being China the main producer of peanuts in the world, in Ecuador the peanut is a crop that is not given adequate importance in agriculture due to lack of knowledge directed towards producers, who plant for a small-scale exploitation, having as its references the provinces of Loja, Manabí and El Oro with the largest cultivation area. Peanut management requires certain conditions that allow a good development and achieve high levels of harvest, derived from a good management of planting, selection of the right time, which is essential to direct the crop to the date where rainfall occurs and an optimal selection of varieties resistant to major pests and diseases that affect the plants during their life cycle. Within the management it is shown that an adequate fertilization allows a better development accompanied by irrigation and adequate weed control. The study was carried out with the objective of gathering information on the peanut crop, its evolution, production and yield in Ecuador. The information shown was obtained from the research and review of scientific articles published in magazines and works carried out in several countries producing the crop and in Ecuador.