Principales arvenses que influyen en el cultivo de frijol <i>phaseolus vulgaris l.</i> en la zona andina ecuatoriana.

Abstract

The Andean Region is made up of three mountain ranges that cross Colombia. These are the Cordillera Occidental, Cordillera Central and Cordillera Oriental. It abounds in ecological diversity due to the varied changes in altitude. This mountain range is found in South America through Ecuador and in some South American countries. In the Ecuadorian Andean zone, also known as sierra, inter-Andean or highlands, it extends from north to south through the Andes, its minimum altitude is 1800m or lower, up to 6268m with the Chimborazo. Dry and tender beans are grown in different provinces such as Azuay, Bolívar, Cañar, Carchi, Cotopaxi, Chimborazo, Imbabura, Loja and Pichincha through associated systems or cultivation alone. The influence of weeds in the cultivation of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris, L), which has a short cycle, is complex because they are of high diversity and quantity. Weeds are classified into two types: monocotyledons (narrow-leaved) and dicotyledons (broad-leaved) in different families. Likewise, vines have a life cycle that is annual (A) that completes its cycle in one year or less; and perennial (P) that can live for many years. However, in the Andean region there are 29 species of weeds that accompany the bean crop, causing damage and losses in production and yield in tons per hectare (Tha-1). On the other hand, it was pointed out how they can have a beneficial influence, since there are species that do not have a negative influence on the crop.