Efecto de plectranthus amboinicus en la integridad intestinal de pollos broiler

Abstract

The present investigative work was developed in the "Santa Inés" Farm, which is located in the grounds of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences belonging to the Technical University of Machala, in the province of El Oro. The objective set in the investigation was To evaluate the effect of dehydrated ground Plectranthus amboinicus leaves and stems on the intestinal integrity of broiler chickens. For the execution of experimental work, a Completely Random Design (DCA) was established, where 240 broiler chickens were used, which were distributed in 6 treatments and each of these with 4 repetitions, and 10 replications of each treatment. Treatment 1 control or control was added to the balanced Antibiotic Growth Promoters (APC), while T2 does not present ATP but the inclusion of 0.25% of dehydrated oregan leaf, T3 with 0.50% of dehydrated leaf of p. amboinicus, T4 with 0.75% inclusion of dehydrated oreganón leaf, T5 with 1% of dehydrated leaf of P. amboinicus and T6 with the inclusion of 0.10% dehydrated stem of P. amboinicus. The experiment was carried out under the biosafety standards established for open houses, where a rigorous monitoring of the diet and drinking water provided was applied, as well as a control of the temperature and humidity of the shed. A basic vaccination schedule was applied consisting of the application of Gumboro strain Lukert and Newcastle strain La sota, subsequently carrying out revaccinations in the drinking water. The end of the experiment occurred on day 35 where the birds were slaughtered, 48 male and female birds being selected at random, the samples were taken from the intestine of the birds, taking Meckel's diverticulum as a reference, making a clean cut of 2cm with a scalpel. without putting too much pressure on the intestine so as not to damage the villi that are the reason for the study, once the cut was made, they were gently washed and then placed in a labeled bottle with formalin to later make the respective histological cuts and then take pictures. and measurements. The variables evaluated were: Villus length, High villus width, Mean villus width, Low villus width, Crypt depth, Muscular layer thickness, Serosal layer thickness. The statistical program used was Statgraphics Centurion XV.I.®, using the Analysis test for one factor (ANOVA) and to establish the differences between the means, Fisher's multiple range test (LSD) was used with a confidence level of 95%. The results show that the inclusion of the dehydrated P. amboinicus leaf in the balance of broiler chickens, generates various changes in the length and width of the intestinal villi, causing a positive effect on the depth of the crypts, knowing that the length and width The width of the villi benefits the better absorption of nutrients, in addition to treatment 2, which presents the inclusion of dehydrated oreganón leaf at 0.25%, this being the lowest dose in the experiment, generating a difference in the thickness of the layers. muscular and serous.