Estimulantes radiculares: efectos en la producción del cultivo de banano (musa x paradisiaca)

Abstract

In Ecuador, one of the main axes that the country has for economic development is the banana sector, generating sources of work, mainly for families located on the Ecuadorian coast, in the external market this item is one of the main export products with premium quality when the conditions of the crop and its agricultural practices are properly managed. Nutrition is essential for the correct development of bananas, their main pathways for nutrient absorption are the roots, their care and the optimal applications of agrochemicals guarantee more profitable harvests in less time. The root stimulants applied in the plantation are characterized by the activation of the root mass, generating healthy and functional roots during the development of the crop to obtain greater productivity. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of root stimulants on banana production. The variables were: (AHJ) height of the son, (AHJ) stem of the son, (PRS) percentage of healthy roots, (PRD) percentage of damaged roots, (PRC) percentage of dry roots, (PTR) total weight of roots, (PRAC) total weight of the bunch, (PTM) total weight of hands, (PRQR) weight of the bunch rachis, (NMR) number of hands per bunch, (NDMS) number of fingers second sun hand. The present study was carried out on the María Paola farm, whose plantation corresponds to the Cavendish variety already established in an area of 7 ha, located in the "Iberia" parish belonging to the El Guabo canton, El Oro province. The experimental design that was used was a Randomized Complete Block Design, where 14 treatments described below were applied: T1 (Terrasor-Foliar, Aminoquelant-Ca, Biochar); T2 (Terrasor-Foliar, Aminoquelant-Ca, Pow Humus); T3 (Terrasor-Foliar, Aminoquelant-Ca, Active 80 Ds); T4 (Inicium, Aminoquelant-Ca); T5 (Inicium, Aminoquelant-Ca, Biochar); T6 (Inicium, Terrasor-Foliar); T7 (Equilibrium); T8 (Equilibrium, Biochar); T9 (Equilibrium, Pow Humus); T10 (Equilibrium, Active 80 Ds); T11 (Raizal, Biozyme-Tf, Carbox); T12 (Root-Most, Active 80 Ds); T13 (Equilibrium, Aminoquelant-Ca, Aminoquelan-Zn); and T14 (Equilibrium, Aminoquelant-Ca, Aminoquelan-Zn, Biochar). The rooting products were applied with manual pumps to recently born plants, managing a dosage of 5 passes in front of the crescent-shaped son. The root samples were obtained from the mother-child front at a distance of 40 cm, a hole of 20x20 cm in length with a depth of 30 cm was made. All the data was analyzed in the SPSS Statistics 22 software, through a one-factor ANOVA and the Tukey test, managing a significance of (0.05). The best treatment regarding the height of the child (AHJ) was T14 where it was applied (Equilibrium, Aminoquelant-Ca, Aminoquelan-Zn, Biochar ), obtaining an average of 5.06 meters in height, for the stem variable (FHJ) also T14 presented good results with a value of 120.22 cm of stem, in the statistical analysis of the roots the treatments that presented the best results in the PRS and PTR variable, was T13 (Equilibrium, Aminoquelant-Ca, Aminoquelan-Zn) and T14 (Terrasor-Foliar, Aminoquelant-Ca, Biochar), it was also identified that treatment T3 and T4 showed a lower percentage of damaged roots, and T1 together with T2 obtained a lower percentage of dry roots, at harvest the variable PRAC the T13 treatment where it was applied (Equilibrium, Aminoquelant-Ca, Aminoquelan-Zn), better results were obtained with an average of 82.19 lb, for the PRQR variable the same treatment obtained 9.2 lb, likewise for the PTM variable that I get to mark 72.99 lb, in the NMR variable the T1 3 and T3 reflected the same average of 8 hands per cluster, surpassing the rest of the treatments. In the NDMS variable, the one that presented the best results was treatment T3 where it was applied (Terrasor-Foliar, Aminoquelant-Ca, Active 80 Ds) reaching a value of 26.2 fingers, followed by T8 (Equilibrium, Biochar) and T5 (Inicium, Aminoquelant-Ca, Biochar) showed positive results, obtaining an average of 23.8 and 23.6 fingers.