Evaluación de diferentes trampas con atrayentes, para el control de picudo negro y rayado, en banano orgánico, cantón machala

Abstract

The cultivation of organic and conventional bananas currently strengthens the economy of our Province, thus generating sources of employment with different tasks, which contribute to boosting the production and export of bananas, the Province of El Oro has 42% of small producers, while in the provinces of Guayas and Los Ríos they are the great producers of this fruit. Organic and conventional banana plantations in the province of El Oro are currently affected by the intervention of diseases and pests, poor crop management, lack of credit, among others; The importance of this pest, such as the black palm weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus G.), decreases the productivity and production in the short and long term, of large and small banana producers. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of the types of treatments with different attractants for the control of weevils in organic banana cultivation. The study was carried out at the ´´The commune The change´´ farm, on the railway avenue, El Cambio parish, Machala canton, El Oro province. A completely randomized design was used with 10 treatments and 3 repetitions; T1 (wedge trap on vine with banana puree), T2 (wedge trap on vine with molasses) and T3 (wedge trap on vine with picudín), T4 (stump trap on vine with molasses), T5 (stump trap on vine with weevil), T6 (stump trap in banana puree strain), T7 (semi-cylindrical trap in pseudostem with weevil), T8 (semi-cylindrical trap in pseudostem with banana puree), T9 (semi-cylindrical trap in pseudostem with molasses) and T10 (semi-cylindrical trap in slice without attractant). The elaboration of traps with the use of attractants in harvested plants, cuts were made in the base part (strain), of the pseudostem (with a height of 20 cm), standing plants and cut of pseudostems (40 to 50 cm long) ; were distributed in areas of 100 m2 for each trap, for the capture, collection and control of adult weevils, the renewal of traps with pseudostems and attractants was carried out every 7 days and the change of location of the traps in the same study area , was performed every 14 days. The variables to be evaluated are the number of adult weevils captured by treatments with attractants and collection of weevils at three time frequencies (on the first, third and sixth day), for capture. It was possible to obtain the best results through the analysis carried out with Tukey and Shapiro–Wilk, in treatments T1 (wedge trap in strain with banana puree), T2 (wedge trap in strain with molasses) and T3 (wedge trap in strain with weevil), with an average of 27.33, 27, 67 and 26.33 captured black weevils, collected with time effectiveness on the third and sixth day. In treatments T7 (semi-cylindrical trap in pseudostem with weevil), T8 (semi-cylindrical trap in pseudostem with banana puree) and T9 (semi-cylindrical trap in pseudostem with molasses), they showed their highest efficiency with averages of 78.67, 66.0 and 55.33 striped weevils captured. , collected in times from the first and third day of evaluation.