Proceso de atención de enfermería en paciente con lupus eritematoso sistémico basado en la teoría de Dorothea Orem

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple tissues, mainly the skin, with more than 5,000,000 cases diagnosed in the world and an annual prevalence of 100,000 new cases, of these pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus represents between 15 %-20% of all patients with this disease, the most affected is the Afro-descendant population, in the United States the prevalence rate in the African-American population is 20-30 per 100,000h, in Ecuador 90% of diagnosed cases are of women. Objective: To develop a clinical case to identify the symptoms and thus apply the Nursing Care Process in a patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Development: The pathophysiological mechanism in the case of environmental factors enter the cell altering its DNA composition, so that the cells suffer cell death by apoptosis consequently both the cytoplasm and the nucleus DNA, histones and proteins pass to the extracellular space and including the bloodstream, the skin and joints are the most frequent involvement followed by general symptoms, skin involvement will occur in 90% or more, then in 80% a type of malar erythema or butterfly wings characterized by a typical redness on the cheeks that resembles the shape of butterfly wings.