Aplicación de técnicas moleculares como herramienta para el diagnóstico de cáncer en la salud pública

Abstract

Molecular techniques as tools for diagnosing diseases have revolutionized conventional diagnostic procedures, building important concepts such as "Molecular Diagnosis", which, although initially focused on improving the quality of diagnostic tests for infectious diseases It also currently contributes to the prognosis of genetic diseases such as cancer. The prevalence of cancer in the population worldwide is alarming, it is expected that within 18 years there will be a 60% increase in confirmed cancer cases and deaths. Thought the proposed general objective, it is intended to determine the molecular techniques applied for the diagnosis of Cancer in the public health sector through bibliographic compilation. As a search strategy for the preparation of this research work, the bibliographic review of scientific articles indexed in highly recognized journals such as Redalyc, Scielo, PUBMED, among others, was used, where the method applied is descriptive. Molecular diagnostic tests arise in response to malignant neoplasia, as well as the demand for new, more specific and efficient clinical tests. It was determined that currently the techniques used for the diagnosis of cancer that provide transcendental information in public health are the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), genetic sequencing, fluorescent DNA in situ hybridization (FISH), the amplification of probes dependent on of multiple ligands (MLPA) and DNA microarrays.