Proceso de atención de enfermería en paciente con Parkinson según Nola Pender y los patrones funcionales de Marjory Gordon

Abstract

Parkinson's disease is a disease that is increasing in the number of cases significantly globally, affecting 9.3% of the population over 60 years of age, this disease is neurodegenerative, the same as It alters the voluntary motor skills of the individual, these manifest in erratic involuntary movements, in addition to a loss of strength and muscle tone, that is, a stiffness of the upper and lower extremities of the people who suffer from it will be noticed. Its clinical manifestations begin progressively, they can vary in each individual, the main signs are crucial lack of movement, tremor at rest, rigidity, an increase in muscle tension and lack of balance. To obtain a diagnosis of the disease, we must base ourselves on the information of the clinical history, assessment through physical examination and neurological examination of the patient, once detected, the most indicated treatment is selected, which can be preventive, symptomatic, surgery and restorative. . Advances in Parkinson's disease have occurred since the discovery of the nigrostriatal pathway and confirmation of dopamine deficiency in the 1950s; later, with the verification of the efficacy of levodopa for the symptomatic treatment of this clinical entity in the 1960s. Thus, Parkinson's disease was considered as a single dopaminergic disorder, however the presence of so-called non - motor symptoms, such as psychomotor manifestations, sleep disorders, dementia, symptoms of dyskinesia and hypotension, among other symptoms, suggest that other neurons, in addition to dopaminergic and other dopaminergic brain structures, in addition to the basal ganglia, are affected by this disease.