Reacciones emocionales del retorno a clases presenciales en niños de educación inicial post COVID-19

Abstract

The present research is based on characterizing the emotional reactions presented by children of initial two who enter school for the first time, after the COVID-19 pandemic. Carrying a fundamental role parents, caregivers and teachers in the lives of infants being the only ones who could detect and give a solution in time to changes in child behavior, much more in this new process for them to enter classes for the first time after the pandemic, socialize with many more people who were not within their environment. This research was based on the Cognitive Behavioral approach because it focuses on the thinking, emotion and behavior of the human being in the face of any problem that affects any area of their daily life, whether it is in the work, personal or social area. The research sample consists of six children from initial education, two fathers, four mothers and one teacher, being infants who enter the educational institution for the first time after the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic and who had no previous experiences of socializing with other children. In the fiscal educational unit ALFG. Víctor Naranjo Fiallos, from the city of Machala, Puerto Bolívar carried out the investigation, the categories of analysis were, emotional reactions, socio-affective dependence and level of adaptation to institutional regulations. For the proper collection of data, techniques such as, semi-structured qualitative interview and the evaluation technique "Observation" were used. Which were key pieces to be able to obtain reports of the indirect participants and the due assessment of the infants for the corresponding analysis. Based on the results obtained, it was shown that the main emotional reactions presented in the initial children were, anger, shyness, poor communication, insecurity, decrease in affective sample, in the classroom however at the beginning of the classes the relevant emotion was the fear of a different environment with a group of totally unknown people who are not part of their family figures. Maintaining several characteristics in common in parents, which are, new children, not to see assisted to the CNH, and no social interaction during confinement, affection to infants in one of their first experiences such as the school environment, being the teaching part who helps this process to be more bearable for infants and at the same time fruitful, the multiple symptoms presented are triggering in children and mark a dependence and concern on the part of the main caregivers due to the emotional impact that this disease had, which was evidenced in a notorious way through the media and in the different hospital environments. Isolation is considered by parents the best strategy at the time, in a form of prevention for their children, without considering the future affectations that in this time is reflected and that are currently called to rebuild it immediately.